Definition of noun in English and its types

Previously I explained the division of word types in English called parts of speech. One of the types of words from parts of speech is the type of noun, what is the meaning of the word noun? And what are the types of this word? 
The following explanation ..........A noun in English means the name of a person, object, animal, or thought. In other words, something tangible is called a noun. Nouns are often used as the subject of a sentence. Most nouns have a singular or plural form, which can be preceded by an article and/or one or more adjectives.
Types of Noun word formsNouns have several types, including:

Proper Nouns and Common NounsCountable Noun and Uncountable NounCollective NounConcrete Noun and Abstract Noun
Here are some explanations of each type:
A proper Noun is a noun that represents a noun that represents a unique entity (tangible object) (such as Earth, India, Jupiter, Harry, or BMW), as distinguished from common nouns that describe a class of entities (such as cities, animals, planets, people or cars). Some nouns occur in the plural (optional or exclusive), and then these nouns are also grouped into tangible objects that are considered unique Examples: The Hendersons, The Everglades, The Azores, The Pleiades. Nouns can also occur in the form of noun phrases, for example modifying nouns e.g. The Mozart experience, His Azores adventure, or in the role of common nouns (He's Pavarotti, a few would be Napoleon). The detailed definitions of these terms can be quite confusing at times, but they all stick to the standardized rules.
A Common Noun is a noun that can be preceded by the indefinite article The, and denotes any member, or all members of a class. A common noun is like "dog" or "city." A common noun is also a noun that is not the name of any specific person, place, or thing. A common noun represents any or all members of a class and can be preceded by a specific article (the). Common nouns are contrasted with nouns. Common nouns can be modified by a variety of other word types and phrase types, including articles, demonstratives, possessives, adjectives, prepositional phrases, and relative clauses. The examples below show some possible uses of the common noun:
A Common Noun is a noun that can be preceded by the indefinite article The, and denotes any member, or all members of a class. A common noun is like "dog" or "city." A common noun is also a noun that is not the name of any specific person, place, or thing. A common noun represents any or all members of a class and can be preceded by a specific article (the). Common nouns are contrasted with nouns. Common nouns can be modified by a variety of other word types and phrase types, including articles, demonstratives, possessives, adjectives, prepositional phrases, and relative clauses. The examples below show some possible uses of the common noun:
these two short planksFrank's the tubby red-haired wife bath with Rosiea tune that anyone can whistle
In each italicized sentence, the common noun form acts as the head of a noun phrase (James R. Hurford, Grammar. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1994).
Countable Nouns are nouns that can be counted physically or by number. e.g. one cat, two cats, a window, three windows. Some examples of countable nouns include cat, dog, bird, chair, bag, glass, and so on. The objects around us generally belong to the countable noun category. Although there are some nouns that we can put in the Uncountable noun category such as sugar, flour, water, milk, and so on.
Countable Nouns are nouns that can be counted physically or by number. e.g. one cat, two cats, a window, three windows. Some examples of countable nouns include cat, dog, bird, chair, bag, glass, and so on. The objects around us generally belong to the countable noun category. Although there are some nouns that we can put in the Uncountable noun category such as sugar, flour, water, milk, and so on.
Examples of countable nouns in sentences:
- We could see a plane in the sky.- I have two brothers, John and Mark.- I've got a problem with the car.- Do you like these cakes?- I'm going out for five minutes.
Uncountable nouns (also called mass nouns) are the opposite of countable nouns, which are nouns that cannot be counted, for example, the noun milk. It can't be said to be a milk or two milks, but rather is usually used in conjunction with other countable nouns, such as a glass of milk or two glasses of milk.
Examples of uncountable nouns: are sand, water, rice, sugar, cheese, tea, coffee, advice, assistance, fun, money, music, art, love, etc.
Examples of uncountable nouns in sentences:
- Can I have some water?- Shall we sit on the grass?- The money is much better in my new job.- I love music.- Would you like some coffee?
Some notes on countable and uncountable nouns are often paired with the following words: Much and many, which both mean a lot, are commonly used to express quantity in countable and uncountable nouns. Many is used for countable nouns and precedes them, while much is used for uncountable nouns.
Example:- How many years have you lived in Jakarta?- She didn't have much time at the Plaza Indonesia.- I haven't got many glasses.- I haven't got much rice.
Number and amount have the same meaning which is number or amount. The number is used for countable nouns, while the amount is used for uncountable nouns.
Example:- My teacher gives me a large number of assignments.- My teacher gives me a large amount of homework.- We have been friends for a number of years.-They give us an amount of money.
Few and little have the same meaning which is little. Few is used for countable nouns, while little is used for uncountable nouns.
Example:- The party has been attended by a few men.- There is only a little milk on the table.- I've got a few dollars.- I've got a little money.- Few people understand the difference.

Fewer and less have the same meaning which is little. Fewer is used for countable nouns, while less is used for uncountable nouns.
Example:- This kind of job will give you fewer dollars.- He pays me less money than I thought.- Fewer birds came this year.- Doctors recommend eating less salt.
Some and any have the same meaning, some, and any are used to express an indefinite number of countable nouns (plural) or uncountable nouns.
Example:- I've got some money.- Have you got any rice?- I've got some dollars.- Have you got any pens?

Countable nouns can be singular or plural.- My cat is playing.- My cats are hungry.
Countable nouns that are singular can be preceded by this, that, every, each, either, and neither, while plural ones are usually preceded by these, those, some, any, enough, and zero articles. See also the notes and examples above.
Generally, uncountable nouns cannot be made into plurals unless they are accompanied by another type of word.- There are new wines being introduced every day.- The waters of the Atlantic are much warmer this time of year.- The Dutch are famous for their cheeses.
Countable nouns can be preceded by a, an (indefinite article) for singular, and the (definite article) for singular and plural.
If countable nouns are singular, then words like a, an, the, my, this, etc. should be used.- I want an orange. (You can't say I want an orange.)- Where is my bottle? (can't say Where is the bottle?)
However, if countable nouns are plural, they can stand alone:- I like oranges.- Bottles can break.
Sometimes uncountable nouns are treated singularly which ends up also using the verb singular.- This news is very important.- Your luggage looks heavy.
Indefinite articles a, and an are not commonly used with uncountable nouns.- a piece of news (not a news)- a bottle of water (not a water)- a grain of rice (not a rice)
So, an adverb must be put in front of it. Look at another example below.- There has been a lot of research into the causes of this disease.- He gave me a great deal of advice before my interview.- They've got a lot of furniture.- Can you give me some information about uncountable nouns?
Uncountable nouns are also often used without an article (zero article).- Poetry is beautiful. Sugar is sweet.- Experience is the best teacher.
Uncountable nouns can be preceded by the words some, any, enough, this, that, and much. And because they are not countable nouns, they cannot be preceded by the words these, those, every, each, either, and neither. Look again at the notes and examples above. It is important to know whether a noun belongs to countable nouns or uncountable nouns. This will make it easier for us to recognize what types of words can be placed around it.
Collective Nouns are nouns that are used to express the name of a group or assembly. These nouns can be names of people, things, or animals. Collective Noun examples of groups of people: army, class, audience, committee, couple, crew, gang, jury, family, navy, police, senate, team.
 Examples of Collective Noun from animal groups:
flock, colony, fish, deer, herd
Examples of Collective Nouns from groups of things (abstract):
bunch, bundle, clump, company, department, equipment, faculty, furniture, pair, stack. 
An abstract Noun is a noun that is abstract (intangible). some examples of abstract nouns are:

• Beauty
• Bravery
• Brilliance
• Brutality
• Calm
• Charity
• Coldness
• Compassion
• Confidence
• Contentment
• Courage
• Curiosity
• Dedication
• Determination
• Ego
• Elegance
• Enthusiasm
• Envy
• Evil
• Fear 
• Generosity
• Goodness
• Graciousness
• Hatred
• Honesty
• Honor 
• Hope
• Humility
• Humor 
• Insanity
• Integrity
• Intelligence 
• Jealousy 
• Kindness
• Loyalty
• Maturity
• Patience
• Perseverance
• Sanity
• Self-control
• Sensitivity
• Sophistication
• Stupidity
• Sympathy
• Talent
• Tolerance
• Trust
• Warmth
• Weakness
• Wisdom
• Wit

Showing Emotions/Feelings

• Adoration
• Amazement
• Anger 
• Anxiety
• Apprehension
• Clarity
• Delight
• Despair 
• Disappointment
• Disbelief 
• Excitement
• Fascination
• Friendship
• Grief 
• Happiness
• Hate
• Helpfulness
• Helplessness
• Infatuation
• Joy 
• Love
• Misery
• Pain 
• Pleasure
• Power 
• Pride
• Relaxation
• Relief 
• Romance
• Sadness
• Satisfaction
• Silliness
• Sorrow
• Strength
• Surprise
• Tiredness
• Uncertainty
• Wariness
• Weariness
• Worry

This is an explanation of the meaning of Noun in English and its types, hopefully useful.






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